Besides the Palace a governor's house (Soverskaya St., 10) and
some other stone buildings were built in the Kremlin in those years.
It must be noted that the erection of large public buildings was behind common
dwelling construction. After receiving credits tverers built up the fired city
with wooden houses quite rapidly, put many of them on the stone ground floors.
Grandiose changes happened with the city after 1763 could be already seen in the
end of the century. To evaluate the scale of those changes it is enough to look
at the plan from 1795-1797 which was made by the provincial landsur-veyor Alexey
Petin. The plenty of stone houses appeared during three decades not only in the
central but in other parts of Tver impresses greatly.
Klod Nike. View of Tver. 1800s. The Collection of TRPG.
Considerable contribution in the change of the city's image was
made by K. I. Rossi in 1809-1812s. He arrived here under the invitation of
George, Prince of Oldenburg, a generalgovernor of Tver and renewed the whole
complex of the Palace, built new Trade rows and designed a lot of dwelling
houses in a course of a few years. Some of them still decorate our city.
But the complete destruction of the fortress's remains even partial
reconstruction of which could preserve the ancient centre of Tver for
descendants is connected with the names of George of Oldenburg and Karl Rossi
also. Only one part of the fortress's ditch preserves its visual outlines. In
the Middle Ages it had protected the Kremlin from the most dangerous, «field»
side and in the end of the XVIII - XIX centuries became a descent to a raft
bridge across the Volga. It is seen in the picture from 18,36 which shows the
Red square Tver.
K. I. Rossi. View of the Travelling Palace in Tver. The northern facade. 1800s. The Collection of TSUM.
Once the most part of modern City Garden was included in the
square. From the West it was bounded with the Trade rows and the descent to the
Volga, from the South - with the Gostiny Dvor and from the East - Church of the
Sign with the buildings framed it. Until the midst of the XIX the square had not
been completed, that is why it was liquidated and the place was given for a
park. Nowadays only a small lane remains of it. It was called Znamensky before
the Revolution, then Svobodny.
Different from the Red square, the others being closely connected
with the main street of Tver improved their architectural and public meaning The
Cathedral Square still remained the main where the most solemn procession began
and finished - the Cross Walk which followed by carrying around the relics of
Mikhail Yaro-slavich, Prince of Tver.
In the second half of XIX the city grew on and developed. The epoch of
Classicism was coming down to the Past, the period of Eclecticism and then -of
the Modern came. The bright example of the last is the complex of factories and
dwellings of «Proletarka» (proletarian-woman and the city's district).
XIX - the beginning of XX centuries were marked with the
erection of new temples and reconstruction of the old ones. In the middle of the
XIX century a railroad came through near Tver, and the road connected the city
with the Station. In 1900 the banks of the Volga were connected by the constant
bridge.
The growth of educational institutions led to the construction of new public
houses: boys' classic gymnasia, women's school of commerce and others. After the
Revolution, in 1930s, the destruction and reconstruction of
A. Testov. View of Tver Gostiny Dvor from the Volga. 1836. The Collection of Tver Regional Picture Gallery
clerical and public buildings of preOctober period had started.
The temples considerably suffered, their vanishing changed the city silhouette
which became amorphous due to the lack of vertical accents.
During the Great Patriotic War the city lost a lot. In the years followed the
monuments of architecture continued to vanish. The invaluability of this
heritage became especially clear in the last years. May be this very reason
causes the eagerness of many the tverers «to come back» to their historical
city, to fill up the lost and to treat the remained with care.
A. M. Salimov
Ebergard Lyliett. Tver.
The Catbedral Sq. The carrying around the relics of Duke Mikhail Tverskoy.